Name of ethnic group: Tay (Tho, Ngan, Phen, Thu Lao, and Pa Di).
Population: 1,477,514 people (Year 1999).
Locality: The Tay lives along the valleys and the lower slopes of the mountains in Cao Bang, Lang Son, Bac Kan, and Quang Ninh provinces, and in some regions of Bac Giang and Bac Ninh provinces.
History : The Tay have been in Vietnam very soon, possibly from the second half of the first millennium BC.
Customs and habits:
Ancestor worship is a religious rite of the Tay. The altars for the ancestors are placed in a central location in the house. The altar room is such a sacred place that guests is not allowed to sit on the bed in front of the altar. After giving birth, women are also not allowed to sit on the bed in front of the altar.
Tay villages are always built at the foot of a mountain and are often named after a mountain, field, or river. Each village contains about 15-20 households.
Festivals : Every year on New Year with many different meanings. New Year, New Year’s open and full moon festival in July, offering the great souls are the festival was held spiritual home of all. Year necromancer cattle held on June 6 th lunar month, after the implant and new rice festival, held before a harvest festival is very specific to the country’s rice agriculture.
Arts : The Tay has many folk songs such as eel, Room SLU, phuoi pac, phuoi, illumination, ven eng … Are always considered glide, glide Qty, then gliding, gliding her Oh … is love singing style was widespread in many regions. People often hovering in loose total, the wedding, celebrate a new house or when there are guests to the. In addition to dancing in ceremonies at some local puppets with wooden puppets is quite unique.
Economic characteristics : The Tay is a fairly traditional agriculture development with various crops such as rice, corn, potatoes … and vegetable season has traditionally Tay do.Nguoi of farming country, from the oldest known intensive and widespread application of measures such as digging irrigation ditches, gutters north, up the fade, as irrigation water is . They have custom threshing in the fields on the wooden trough which they called oil burden Loong then paddy home. Apart from rice paddy Tay was dry, crops, fruit trees …
Community organization :
The person’s hands in the foothills or along streams. Name commonly known by the name of hills, fields, rivers. They prefer to live in crowded villages, each with 15 to 20 roofs, many with hundreds of rooftops. The big split small neighbor. The Tay Valley residents in the northeastern provinces from Quang Ninh, Bac Giang, Lang Son, Cao Bang, Bac Can, Thai Nguyen, Ha Giang, Tuyen Quang to Lao Cai, Yen Bai.
Optical mode is a form of social organization-specific manner early feudal aristocracy in nature, the collective, hereditary.
Within the scope of its dominant optic is fully owned land, forests, rivers and streams … hence the dominant powers who lived on that land and labor exploitation of them by car service, forced to labor and not the kind car, forced tribute. Optical mode appears very early and persists until the late nineteenth century early twentieth century.
Culture :
The Tay is a traditional art background rich enough to be poetry, song, dance music … Proverbs, folk songs make up a significant amount. The folk dance is the most popular songs glide, wedding songs, lullabies. The Tay hospitable, open, easy to know and enjoy talking. They are very important people of the same age, when friends have sworn they viewed each other as siblings, his kin ..
Food : In the past, in some places, people eat glutinous Tay is the main and almost every family has flung and site security. During the Tet holiday, holidays are often left as many cakes as cakes, biscuits, shoes, hemp bread, cakes phlegm, wind cake, donuts, cakes away, wheeled see … In particular, attractive pastry dough with the egg’s comments and nuggets are made from non flaming sticky rice, or roasted and then take retirement.
Homes :
Housing the floor, housing and some areas bordering the defensive kind. In the south room in addition to discrimination, women in the chamber.
Traditional house of the Tay is the slope to the floor with style truss 4, 5, 6 or 7 rows of columns. House with 2 or 4 roof tiles, paintings or palm leaves. Around the barrel house covered with wooden planks or bamboo Liep.
When choosing land to make the check out, see old, select good day. During the day the new home of the family to a fire and keep the flame burning through the night to morning.
Costumes :
Have own unique aesthetic style. The Tay usually wear indigo dyed cotton.
Traditional costumes of the Tay from self-woven cotton cloth, dyed indigo, almost no embroidery, decoration. Women wear skirts or trousers, a short blouse inside and outside dress. Ngan group wearing a bit shorter, the team wore brown Phen, Thu Lao team wrapped into forking over your head, groups Pa along the roof cap to wear while Aboriginal groups as the Thai in Mai Chau (Hoa Binh) .
Clothings : Men’s dress shirt by Tay are 4 body types (slua com), five relatives dress, turban, pants and canvas shoes. Austria itself is cut off 4 chest, high round neck, no shoulder, cut wrong, fabric buttons (7 pieces) and two small pockets below the front two. During festive occasions, the men wear more kinds dress armpit to 5 friendly lumber, or cloth buttons bear the same buttons. Clothing (lock) also made of indigo dyed cotton fabrics such as clothing, military-style cross-cut, medium-term shock to the ankle. Pants are not always draw large scorpion, when
Women’s Apparel : Women’s clothes usually include blouse, long in body, skirt, belt, turban, his shoulders. Blouse is a fourth body in the chest, round neck, two flap pockets below the previous two, is often cut may indigo or white cloth. When the Assembly is often present in the dress lining. So Tay called to slua longing (white people) to distinguish them from the Nung only indigo. Ao Dai is also a body of five or cutting arm to install cloth or copper buttons, sleeves and round neck is narrow waisted body. Previously women skirt, but wear the recent popularity; it is in principle pants cut like men may have the narrower dimensions. Tay is women towel towels indigo when the team folded square cross breeds like ‘beak ravens’ of Scripture. Women’s Hats Tay quite unique. Hats bamboo leaf thatched roofs with wide hats. Jewelry Women Tay simple song with all the basic categories of necklaces, bracelets, anklets, bar area … There where also wearing a cloth bag.
The unique concern of the dress is not the way Tay pose a common way of using indigo, uniform dress and way men and women wearing white underwear inside out indigo shirt. Many people also use the indigo race but also in other colors and decoration on clothing, in the Tay almost iridescent colors used in the present pattern brocade blankets or sheets. Private group Pa Di (Lao Cai) in style and posed quite nicely decorated in the style scarf and dress.
Means of transport: With the second smallest of hands for the oil to burden or to the bag to wear over the shoulder, also for those big, bulky, use lifting or strength of buffalo. In addition, they are used, the array for transportation.
Economy
The Tay has developed agricultural practices quite well and are able to cultivate all kinds of plants including rice, maize, and sweet potato.
Source: Travel.vn (synthesized)
